This is a condition in which the renal functions (urinary elimination of toxic compounds, fluid-electrolyte balance, regulation of blood pressure, hormone production, etc.) are impaired temporarily or persistently because of several reasons with a decrease in the clearance function of kidneys (normally, 90-145 ml/min) below the normal levels. In that period, patients require renal replacement therapies. When the renal functions are impaired temporarily, it is called Acute Renal Failure, and when they are impaired persistently, it’s called Chronic Renal Failure. Patients in the latter group require the treatment modalities of End Stage Renal Disease.